Recombinant production of a highly efficient photolyase from Thermus thermophilus.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight can damage DNA, inducing mutagenesis and eventually leading to skin cancer. Topical sunscreens are used to avoid the effect of UV irradiation, but the topical application of DNA repair enzymes, such as photolyase, can provide active photoprotection by DNA recovery. Here we produced a recombinant Thermus thermophilus photolyase expressed in Escherichia coli, evaluated the kinetic parameters of bacterial growth and the kinetics and stability of the enzyme. The maximum biomass (𝑋𝑚𝑎𝑥 ) of 2.0 g L-1 was reached after 5 h of cultivation, corresponding to 𝑃X  = 0.4 g L-1 h. The µð‘šð‘Žð‘¥ corresponded to 1.0 h-1 . Photolyase was purified by affinity chromatography and high amounts of pure enzyme were obtained (3.25 mg L-1 of cultivation). Two different methods demonstrated the enzyme activity on DNA samples and very low enzyme concentrations, such as 15 µg mL-1 , already resulted in 90% of CPD photodamage removal. We also determined photolyase kM of 9.5 nM, confirming the potential of the enzyme at very low concentrations, and demonstrated conservation of enzyme activity after freezing (-20°C) and lyophilization. Therefore, we demonstrate T. thermophilus photolyase capacity of CPD damage repair and its potential as an active ingredient to be incorporated in dermatological products.

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Mycoplasma spp. in Marine Mammals, Brazil.

Mycoplasma spp. are wall-less bacteria able to infect mammals and are classified as hemotropic (hemoplasma) and nonhemotropic. In aquatic mammals, hemoplasma have been reported in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) and river dolphins (Inia spp.). We investigated Mycoplasma spp. in blood samples of West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus), pinnipeds (5 species), and marine cetaceans (18 species) that stranded or were undergoing rehabilitation in Brazil during 2002-2022. We detected Mycoplasma in blood of 18/130 (14.8%) cetaceans and 3/18 (16.6%) pinnipeds. All tested manatees were PCR-negative for Mycoplasma. Our findings indicate that >2 different hemoplasma species are circulating in cetaceans. The sequences from pinnipeds were similar to previously described sequences. We also detected a nonhemotropic Mycoplasma in 2 Franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) that might be associated with microscopic lesions. Because certain hemoplasmas can cause disease and death in immunosuppressed mammals, the bacteria could have conservation implications for already endangered aquatic mammals.

Coordinatively Unsaturated Nickel Nitroxyl Complex: Structure, Physicochemical Properties, and Reactivity toward Dioxygen.

For its important roles in biology, nitrogen monoxide (·NO) has become one of the most studied and fascinating molecules in chemistry. ·NO itself acts as a "noninnocent" or "redox active" ligand to transition metal ions to give metal-NO (M-NO) complexes. Because of this uncertainty due to redox chemistry, the real description of the electronic structure of the M-NO unit requires extensive spectroscopic and theoretical studies. We previously reported the Ni-NO complex with a hindered N3 type ligand [Ni(NO)(L3)] (L3- denotes hydrotris(3-tertiary butyl-5-isopropyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate anion), which contains a high-spin (hs) nickel(II) center and a coordinated 3NO-. This complex is very stable toward dioxygen due to steric protection of the nickel(II) center. Here, we report the dioxygen reactivity of a new Ni-NO complex, [Ni(NO)(I)(L1″)], with a less hindered N2 type bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligand, which creates a coordinatively unsaturated ligand environment about the nickel center. Here, L1″ denotes bis(3,5-diisopropyl-1-pyrazolyl)methane. This complex is also described as a hs-nickel(II) center with a bound 3NO-, based on spectroscopic and theoretical studies. Unexpectedly, the reaction of [Ni(NO)(I)(L1″)] with O2 yielded [Ni(κ2-O2N)(L1″)2](I3), with the oxidation of both 3NO- and the I- ion to yield NO2- and I3-. Both complexes were characterized by X-ray crystallography, IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.

Measurement of Clavicular Symmetry in Healthy Subjects Using Tomographic Database of Public Hospitals.

Objective This study aimed to perform an imaging evaluation to prove the existence or not of symmetry between the clavicles of healthy subjects from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and identify potential factors influencing the clavicular length. Method The study analyzed chest computed tomography (CT) scans of 211 patients with no clavicular fracture or malformations (100 women and 111 men). We measured the greatest clavicular diagonal on both sides, and the software automatically generated the maximum distance in millimeters. Relative and absolute frequencies described qualitative variables and mean values; quantitative variables used a 95% confidence interval. Value comparisons employed the student's t-test, and correlations determinations used Pearson's correlation coefficient. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results There was a significant difference between the clavicular length (right clavicle, 143.58 mm; left clavicle, 145.72 mm; p = 0.037), indicating asymmetry. On average, the left clavicle was 3.71 mm larger. Asymmetry was significant for both men and women (p < 0.001). The average difference was 4.13 mm for men and 3.23 mm for women. Seventy-three percent of the sample had < 5 mm of asymmetry, 23.7% had 5 to 10 mm, and 3.3% had > 10 mm of asymmetry. Conclusion The studied population did not present clavicular symmetry. On average, the left clavicle was longer than the right clavicle, with differences of 3.71 mm in the general sample, 3.23 mm in women, and 4.13 mm in men. The only significant factor was gender since men presented longer clavicles and higher differences than women.

Measurement of Clavicular Symmetry in Healthy Subjects Using Tomographic Database of Public Hospitals / Mensuração de simetria clavicular em indivíduos saudáveis utilizando-se de banco de dados tomográficos de hospitais públicos

Abstract Objective This study aimed to perform an imaging evaluation to prove the existence or not of symmetry between the clavicles of healthy subjects from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and identify potential factors influencing the clavicular length. Method The study analyzed chest computed tomography (CT) scans of 211 patients with no clavicular fracture or malformations (100 women and 111 men). We measured the greatest clavicular diagonal on both sides, and the software automatically generated the maximum distance in millimeters. Relative and absolute frequencies described qualitative variables and mean values; quantitative variables used a 95% confidence interval. Value comparisons employed the student's t-test, and correlations determinations used Pearson's correlation coefficient. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results There was a significant difference between the clavicular length (right clavicle, 143.58 mm; left clavicle, 145.72 mm; p = 0.037), indicating asymmetry. On average, the left clavicle was 3.71 mm larger. Asymmetry was significant for both men and women (p < 0.001). The average difference was 4.13 mm for men and 3.23 mm for women. Seventy-three percent of the sample had < 5 mm of asymmetry, 23.7% had 5 to 10 mm, and 3.3% had > 10 mm of asymmetry. Conclusion The studied population did not present clavicular symmetry. On average, the left clavicle was longer than the right clavicle, with differences of 3.71 mm in the general sample, 3.23 mm in women, and 4.13 mm in men. The only significant factor was gender since men presented longer clavicles and higher differences than women.

Resumo Objetivo Realizar avaliação imagiológica com intuito de comprovar a existência ou não de simetria entre as clavículas de indivíduos saudáveis da cidade de Curitiba/PR, aliada à identificação de possíveis fatores de influência no comprimento clavicular. Método Foram analisadas tomografias computadorizadas de tórax de 211 pacientes sem fratura ou malformações na clavícula (100 mulheres e 111 homens). A maior diagonal clavicular foi medida em ambos os lados e o software gerou automaticamente a máxima distância em milímetros. Foram utilizadas frequências relativas e absolutas para descrever variáveis qualitativas e a média e intervalo de 95% de confiança para as quantitativas. As comparações foram feitas com o teste t de Student e correlações calculadas pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Verificou-se diferença significativa entre o comprimento das clavículas (direita 143.58mm e esquerda 145.72mm, p = 0.037), indicando assimetria. Em média, o lado esquerdo é 3.71mm maior. A assimetria foi significativa tanto para homens quanto para mulheres (p < 0.001). A diferença média foi de 4.13mm para homens e 3.23mm para mulheres. 73% da amostra apresentou <5mm de diferença, enquanto 23.7% apresentou 5-10mm e 3.3% apresentou >10mm de assimetria. Conclusão Não foi possível encontrar simetria nas clavículas da população de Curitiba/PR. Em média, a clavícula esquerda é maior que a direita, com diferenças de 3.71mm na amostra geral, 3.23mm para mulheres e 4.13mm para homens. O único fator significativo foi o sexo, com homens tendo maiores comprimentos claviculares e maiores diferenças em comparação às mulheres.

Colletotrichum falcatum modulates the olfactory behavior of the sugarcane borer, favoring pathogen infection.

Some pathogens can manipulate their host plants and insects to optimize their fitness, increasing the attraction of insects to the infected plant in ways that facilitate pathogen acquisition. In tropical American sugarcane crops, the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum, the red rot causal agent, usually occurs in association with the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, resulting in large losses of this crop. Considering this association, we aimed to identify the effects of C. falcatum on D. saccharalis host preference and performance as well as the effect of this insect on C. falcatum sugarcane infection. Here, we show that the fungus C. falcatum modulates D. saccharalis behavior to its own benefit. More specifically, C. falcatum-infected sugarcane plants showed a dramatic increase in VOCs, luring D. saccharalis females to lay eggs on these plants. Therefore, sugarcane infection by the fungus C. falcatum increased in cooccurrence with insect herbivory, benefiting the pathogen when associated with D. saccharalis.

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover.

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural clines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale.

A importância da formação para o lazer nas escolas municipais no bairro Uberaba, Curitiba-PR / The importance of training for leisure in municipal schools in neighborhood Uberaba, Curitiba-PR

O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender quais as vivências ou experiências que crianças estudantes das Escolas Municipais Marumbi, Michel Khury, Maria Marli e Rachel Mader, que fazem parte do perímetro do Projeto Vila Sustentável (PVS), possuem em relação aos espaços públicos de lazer e quais eram as principais atividades realizadas por elas nesses espaços. Foi aplicado um questionário com 355 crianças. As categorias de análises foram: quais as praças que as crianças frequentavam; diferentes formas de uso e apropriação das praças; brincar na praça e na rua. A partir dos questionários realizados e das conversas com as crianças, percebemos que elas têm anseios por diferentes atividades de lazer, porém ainda não têm autonomia para se apropriarem dos diferentes espaços públicos, pois são muito novas e ainda dependem dos pais para usufruírem desse direito em sua essência.

The objective of this research was to understand which experiences that children students of Marumbi, Michel Khury, Maria Marli and Rachel Mader Municipal Schools, who are part of the Sustainable Village Project (PVS), have in relation to public spaces of leisure and what were their main activities in these spaces. A questionnaire was applied with 355 children. The categories of analysis were: which squares the children attended; different forms of use and appropriation of squares; play in the square and on the street. From the questionnaires conducted and conversations with the children, we realize that they have longings for different leisure activities, but still do not have autonomy to appropriate the different public spaces, because they are very young and still depend on parents to enjoy this right in your essence.

Improvement in early antral follicle development and gene expression modulation prior to follicle aspiration in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes by equine chorionic gonadotropin.

We aimed to evaluate the morphological ovarian response to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) prior to ovum pick-up (OPU) and its effects on the molecular phenotype of immature cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from Nelore cow (Bos indicus) donors. To this end, 20 Nelore cows were distributed randomly into the synchronized-OPU (Sync-OPU) and synchronized plus stimulated-OPU (Sync + eCG-OPU) groups using a cross-over experimental design, as each cow was used in both treatments. On a random day of the estrus cycle (Day 0), all cows received an intravaginal implant with 1.0 g of progesterone and 2 mg IM of estradiol benzoate. On the morning of Day 3, only the Sync + eCG-OPU group received 400 IU of eCG IM. On the morning of Day 5, the P4 device was removed and OPU was conducted in both groups. Before OPU management, ultrasonography was used to identify and measure the follicles. The aspirated COCs were morphologically classified based on their cumulus cells (CC) layers and the texture of the ooplasm. The COCs classified as Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 were considered viable and used for the assessment of quality markers. Oocytes and CC were mechanically separated from pools of 25 immature COCs of the Sync-OPU and Sync + eCG-OPU groups immediately after the follicular aspiration and stored at -80 °C until RNA extraction. Relative quantification of several markers for oocyte quality was assessed by RT-qPCR. The eCG treatment increased the number of follicles sized 3.0-5.0 mm and >5.0 mm compared to that in Sync-OPU group. Moreover, the protocol with eCG improved the total number of oocytes and the number of viable oocytes, which is related to a high number of oocytes in Grade 3. Regarding the impact on transcriptional regulation in immature oocytes, the mRNA encoding BMP15, SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, ACACA, and CPT1A was upregulated in Sync + eCG-OPU compared with the Sync-OPU group. Moreover, the relative mRNA abundance of CTSZ, a member of the cathepsins family functionally related to reduced oocyte competence, was lower in the Sync + eCG-OPU group than in the Sync-OPU group. In addition, CC CTSB, CTSS, and CTSK mRNA abundances were lower in the Sync + eCG-OPU group than in the Sync-OPU group. However, the relative abundance of AREG and EREG mRNA was higher in CC recovered from cows stimulated with eCG. In conclusion, the eCG approach addressing follicular stimulation in Nelore cows had a positive impact on early antral follicle development, followed by a positive morphological and molecular phenotype in bovine COCs.

Fungal phytopathogen modulates plant and insect responses to promote its dissemination.

Vector-borne plant pathogens often change host traits to manipulate vector behavior in a way that favors their spread. By contrast, infection by opportunistic fungi does not depend on vectors, although damage caused by an herbivore may facilitate infection. Manipulation of hosts and vectors, such as insect herbivores, has not been demonstrated in interactions with fungal pathogens. Herein, we establish a new paradigm for the plant-insect-fungus association in sugarcane. It has long been assumed that Fusarium verticillioides is an opportunistic fungus, where it takes advantage of the openings left by Diatraea saccharalis caterpillar attack to infect the plant. In this work, we show that volatile emissions from F. verticillioides attract D. saccharalis caterpillars. Once they become adults, the fungus is transmitted vertically to their offspring, which continues the cycle by inoculating the fungus into healthy plants. Females not carrying the fungus prefer to lay their eggs on fungus-infected plants than mock plants, while females carrying the fungus prefer to lay their eggs on mock plants than fungus-infected plants. Even though the fungus impacts D. saccharalis sex behavior, larval weight and reproduction rate, most individuals complete their development. Our data demonstrate that the fungus manipulates both the host plant and insect herbivore across life cycle to promote its infection and dissemination.

Endonasal Endoscopic Pituitary Adenoma Resection in light of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Technical Report

Introduction The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) is routinely used to treat sellar and suprasellar tumors. It provides safe and direct access to tumors in these locations, with wide visualization of anatomical landmarks and great surgical results. With the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the high risk of transmission involved, various surgical procedures cannot be postponed due to their emergency. Case Report A 62-year-old female presented in the previous two months with headaches, followed by bilateral severe visual loss. In 2016, she was submitted to subtotal resection of a non-secretorymacroadenoma. Because of the progressive visual deficits, the EETA was used to the resect the pituitary adenoma. Technical Note We developed a low-cost adaptation to the surgical fields, covering the patient's head and superior trunk with a regular surgicalmicroscope bag with a tiny slit to enable the endoscope and surgical instruments to enter the nose, thus protecting the personnel in the operating room from the aerosolization of particles. This makes surgery safer for the surgical team and for the patient. Conclusion In view of the lack of literature on this subject, except for some reports of experiences from some services around the world, we describe the way we have adjusted the EETA in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Non-destructive evaluation of the leaf area of garlic crop using mathematical models / Avaliação não-destrutiva da área foliar da cultura do alho através de modelos matemáticos

Growth measurements such as leaf area (LA) and dry matter (DM) are important in experiments about plants population, fertilization, irrigation and others parameters of cultivation, in garlic crop. The LA and DM are commonly defined as destructive, lengthy and cause loss of plants in the experimental units. The objective of this study was to fit mathematical models using linear models that estimate the leaf area and dry matter of garlic plants - variety Ito. For that, garlic plants were collected at 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 115 and 120 days after planting. The measurements of width (W), length (L) of leaves, LA, DM, pseudostem diameter (PD), number of leaves per plant (NL) and height (H) were determined in each time. The models were fitted to estimate the LA or DM as function of the variables W, L, L*W, PD and LA. The statistical analysis of the linear regression, coefficient of determination of the linear regression (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), modified concordance index (d1) and the BIAS index were verified to determine the most representative models. It`s possible to estimate the LA and the leaf DM of garlic plants using the variables: length, width, pseudostem diameter and height of plants.

Medidas de crescimento como área foliar (AF) e matéria seca (MS) são importantes em experimentos com população de plantas, adubação, irrigação e outros parâmetros de cultivo, na cultura do alho. Muitas vezes a AF e MS são definidas por avaliações destrutivas, demoradas e com perdas de plantas nas unidades experimentais. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, definir modelos matemáticos através de medidas lineares, que estimem a área foliar e a matéria seca das folhas de plantas de alho da variedade Ito. Para isso, quinze plantas foram coletadas aos 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 115 e 120 dias após o plantio (DAP). As medidas de largura (L), comprimento (C) das folhas, AF, MS, diâmetro do pseudocaule (DP), número de folhas por planta (NF) e altura da planta (AP) foram determinadas em cada época. Ajustaram-se modelos para estimar a AF ou MS em função das variáveis L, C, L*C, DP e AF. Para determinar os modelos mais representativos foram verificados a análise estatística da regressão linear, o coeficiente de determinação da regressão linear (R2), raiz do quadrado médio do erro (RQME), índice de concordância modificado (d1) e o índice BIAS. É possível estimar a AF e MS foliar de plantas de alho através das variáveis comprimento, largura, diâmetro do pseudocaule e altura de plantas.

Biochemical serum profile of quarter mile equines in team penning training / Caracterização do perfil bioquímico sérico em equinos quarto de milha submetidos ao treinamento para team penning

The objective of this work was to evaluate the proteins, minerals, metabolites, and serum enzymes profile in Quarter Mile equines subjected to training for Team Penning competitions by comparing the results before and after training. The animals were from the Agricultural Exhibition Park of Uberlândia (CAMARU), in Uberlândia in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. These animals perform constant periodic training with an average duration of two and a half hours per training. Blood samples from twenty male and female equines were collected at the beginning and end of a 45-day interval and then analyzed. A 5 mL blood sample from each animal was collected before and after training by a jugular external venipuncture, and the samples were placed in a tube­without anticoagulant and containing separator gel­to obtain the serum. The components analyzed were: total proteins, albumin, globulins, albumin to globulin ratio (A:G), total and ionized calcium, phosphorus, calcium to phosphorus ratio (Ca:P), cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase, ɤ-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatine kinase (CK). Statistical differences were observed with higher values after exercise for total calcium, ionized calcium, Ca: P ratio, creatinine and ALT and decreased concentrations were found for globulins, phosphorus, cholesterol and triglycerides. Despite the changes observed in the serum concentrations of some elements after exercises, it was concluded that the animals were in adequate physical condition to perform the proposed physical exercises.

O presente estudo objetivou comparar o perfil de proteínas, metabólitos, minerais e enzimas séricas em equinos Quarto de Milha submetidos a treinamento para provas de Team Penning no Parque de Exposições Agropecuárias de Uberlândia (CAMARU), Uberlândia-MG. Os animais realizavam treinos periódicos e constantes com duração de duas horas e meia em média. Foram analisadas 40 (quarenta) amostras de sangue de 20 (vinte) equinos, machos e fêmeas, coletadas em dois momentos com intervalo de 45 dias. Por meio de venopunção jugular externa, coletou-se 05 (mL) de sangue em tubo sem anticoagulante e contendo gel separador para obtenção de soro, antes e após o treinamento de cada momento. Os constituintes analisados foram proteínas totais, albumina, globulinas, relação albumina globulina (A:G), cálcio total e ionizado, fósforo, relação cálcio fósforo (Ca:P), colesterol, triglicérides, creatinina, ureia, fosfatase alcalina, ɤ-glutamiltransferase (GGT), lactato desidrogenase (LDH), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e creatina quinase (CK). Sendo observado diferenças estatísticas com valores mais elevados após o exercicio para cálcio total, cálcio ionizado, relação Ca:P, creatinina e ALT e concentrações diminuidas para globulinas, fósforo, colesterol e triglicérides. Apesar das alterações observadas nas concentrações séricas de alguns elementos após a prática esportiva, conclui-se que os animais se encontravam em condicionamento físico adequado para realizarem os exercícios físicos propostos.

Silicon-induced changes in plant volatiles reduce attractiveness of wheat to the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and attract the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes.

Silicon (Si) supplementation is well-known for enhancing plant resistance to insect pests, however, only recently studies revealed that Si accumulation in the plant not only confers a mechanical barrier to insect feeding, but also primes jasmonic acid-dependent defenses. Here, we examined whether Si supplementation alters wheat volatile emissions that influence the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) olfactory preference and the aphid parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes. Even though Si accumulation in wheat did not impact aphid performance, we found that R. padi preferred constitutive volatiles from-Si wheat over those emitted by +Si wheat plants. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, the parasitoid was attracted to volatiles from +Si uninfested wheat, but not to those from-Si uninfested wheat. +Si and-Si aphid-infested plants released equally attractive blends to the aphid parasitoid; however, wasps were unable to distinguish +Si uninfested plant odors from those of aphid-infested treatments. GC-MS analyses revealed that +Si uninfested wheat plants emitted increased amounts of a single compound, geranyl acetone, compared to -Si uninfested wheat, but similar to those emitted by aphid-infested treatments. By contrast, Si supplementation in wheat did not alter composition of aphid-induced plant volatiles. Our results show that changes in wheat volatile blend induced by Si accumulation mediate the non-preference behavior of the bird cherry-oat aphid and the attraction of its parasitoid L. testaceipes. Conversely to the literature, Si supplementation by itself seems to work as an elicitor of induced defenses in wheat, and not as a priming agent.

Validation of a Smartphone Application in the Evaluation and Treatment of Acute Stroke in a Comprehensive Stroke Center.

Background and Purpose- The increasing demand and shortage of experts to evaluate and treat acute stroke patients has led to the development of remote communication tools to aid stroke management. We aimed to evaluate the JOIN App smartphone system-a low-cost tool for rapid clinical and neuroimaging data sharing to expedite decision-making in stroke. Methods- Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients treated at a University Hospital in Brazil from December 2014 to December 2015 were evaluated. The analysis included all patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke who underwent initial evaluation by neurology residents followed by JOIN teleconsultation with a stroke neurologist on call for management decisions. An expert panel of stroke neurologists and neuroradiologists revised all cases using a standard Picture Archiving and Communication System imaging workstation within 24 hours and analyzed the decision made with remote assistance during the emergency setting. Results- A total of 720 stroke codes were evaluated with 442 acute ischemic stroke qualifying. Seventy-eight (18%) patients were treated with intravenous thrombolysis. The main reasons for tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) exclusion were symptom onset >4.5 hours (n=295; 67%) and hypodense middle cerebral artery territory area >1/3 (n=31; 7%). The agreement rates between Picture Archiving and Communication System versus JOIN-based thrombolysis decisions were 100% for the stroke (unblinded) and 99.3% for the neuroradiologist (blinded) experts. The use of the application resulted in a significant reduction in the door-to-needle times across the pre- versus postimplementation periods (median, 90 [interquartile range, 75-106] versus 63 [interquartile range, 61-117] minutes; P=0.03). The rates of 90-day excellent outcomes (modified Rankin Scale, 0-1) were 51.3%; 90-day mortality, 2.6%; and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, 3.8%. Conclusions- The JOIN smartphone system allows rapid sharing of clinical and imaging data to facilitate decisions for stroke treatment. The remote application-based decisions seem to be as accurate as the physical presence of stroke experts and might lead to faster times to treatment. This system represents an easily implementable low-cost telemedicine solution for centers that cannot afford the full-time presence of stroke specialists.

Role of neuroendocrine modulation and biochemistry in the sepsis in Piaractus mesopotamicus.

Sepsis is a systemic process with multifactorial pathophysiology that affects most animal species. It is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. This work aimed to study the biochemical and neuroendocrine changes of the sepsis process in Piaractus mesopotamicus after Aeromonas hydrophila inoculation analyzing changes in blood leukocyte and differences in neuroendocrine-biochemical modulation using RNA-seq. Fish showed hypercortisolemia, inhibition of glucose absorption, followed by hypocortisolemia and then hyperglycemia. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) showed immediate decrease in serum and T4 increased 6 h post-inoculation (HPI). Sepsis-induced hormonal alterations triggered changes in the metabolic pathways increasing protein and lipid catabolism, use of transient anaerobic glycolysis and liver injury. A reference transcriptome was constructed based on blood leukocytes from P. mesopotamicus. The assembly resulted in total 266,272 contigs with a N50 of 2786 bp. There was a reorganization of plasma membrane of leukocytes at the beginning of the septic process with increased expression of neuroendocrine receptors and with continuous flow of neurotransmitters, hormones and solutes with compensatory regulation at 6 HPI. Three and nine HPI seemed to be critical, the expression of a number of transcription factors was increased, including the modulatory DEGs related to glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones induced and suppressed (FDR < 0.05). Neuroendocrine modulation can regulate leukocytes and biochemical parameters of peripheral blood, being important sources for the study of the pathophysiology of sepsis. These finding highlights the importance of further studies focusing on biochemical-neuroendocrine changes in blood leukocytes and systemic sepsis.

As ações do projeto vila sustentável no bairro Uberaba: a praça transformada em lugar / Actions of the projeto vila sustentável in Uberaba district: the square transformed in place

O estudo objetiva apresentar ações concretas que foram efetivadas no processo de desenvolvimento do PVS na cidade de Curitiba/PR, com intuito de diagnosticar a importância do lazer no processo de apropriação do espaço público. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho etnográfico, em que foi realizada técnicas de observação participante, diário de campo e entrevista. Os dados produzidos a partir das entrevistas foram tabulados, enquanto os dados advindos das observações e diário de campo foram interpretados descritivamente. Com os resultados podemos inferir que esse é um projeto de fundamental importância a ser desenvolvido nas diferentes comunidades, pois possibilita o uso e a apropriação da praça de maneira qualificada. Percebe-se que o lazer é um importante fenômeno no processo de apropriação dos diferentes espaços pela comunidade, transformando-os em lugar.

The study aims to present concrete actions that were carried out in the process of development of the PVS in the city of Curitiba / PR, in order to diagnose the importance of leisure in the process of appropriation of the public space. This is an qualitative research, in which techniques of participant observation, field diary and interview were performed. The data produced from the interviews were tabulated, while the data from the observations and field diary were interpreted descriptively. With the results we can infer that this is a project of fundamental importance to be developed in different communities, put into practice the use and appropriation of the square in a qualified manner. It is noticed that leisure is an important phenomenon in the process of appropriation of the different spaces by the community, transforming them into place.

Light-activated generation of nitric oxide (NO) and sulfite anion radicals (SO3˙-) from a ruthenium(ii) nitrosylsulphito complex.

This manuscript describes the preparation of a new Ru(ii) nitrosylsulphito complex, trans-[Ru(NH3)4(isn)(N(O)SO3)]+ (complex 1), its spectroscopic and structural characterization, photochemistry, and thermal reactivity. Complex 1 was obtained by the reaction of sulfite ions (SO32-) with the nitrosyl complex trans-[Ru(NH3)4(isn)(NO)]3+ (complex 2) in aqueous solution resulting in the formation of the N-bonded nitrosylsulphito (N(O)SO3) ligand. To the best of our knowledge, only four nitrosylsulphito metal complexes have been described so far (J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1983, 2465-2472), and there is no information about the photochemistry of such complexes. Complex 1 was characterized by spectroscopic means (UV-Vis, EPR, FT-IR, 1H- and 15N-NMR), elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The X-ray structure of the precursor complex 2 is also discussed in the manuscript and is used as a reference for comparisons with the structure of 1. Complex 1 is water-soluble and kinetically stable at pH 7.4, with a first-order rate constant of 3.1 × 10-5 s-1 for isn labilization at 298 K (t1/2∼ 373 min). Under acidic conditions (1.0 M trifluoroacetic acid), 1 is stoichiometrically converted into the precursor complex 2. The reaction of hydroxide ions (OH-) with 1 and with 2 yields the Ru(ii) nitro complex trans-[Ru(NH3)4(isn)(NO2)]+ with second-order rate constants of 2.1 and 10.5 M-1 s-1 (at 288 K), respectively, showing the nucleophilic attack of OH- at the nitrosyl in 2 (Ru-NO) and at the nitrosylsulphito in 1 (Ru-N(O)SO3). The pKa value of the -SO3 moiety of the N(O)SO3 ligand in 1 was determined to be 5.08 ± 0.06 (at 298 K). The unprecedented photochemistry of a nitrosylsulphito complex is investigated in detail with 1. The proposed mechanism is based on experimental (UV-Vis, EPR, NMR and Transient Absorption Laser Flash Photolysis) and theoretical data (DFT) and involves photorelease of the N(O)SO3- ligand followed by formation of nitric oxide (NO˙) and sulfite radicals (SO3˙-, sulfur trioxide anion radical).

Evaluation of the surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures and comparison between surgical fixation methods.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to analyze the surgical results of humeral shaft fracture treatment and describe its epidemiology. METHODS: Retrospective study that identified all patients treated with surgical fixation of humeral shaft fractures between December of 2014 and June of 2016 in a trauma reference center. All medical records were reviewed in search of epidemiological data referent to the trauma and post-operative results, including radiographic healing of the fracture and related complications. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were included, mostly male (78.4%), with an average age of 35.02 years. The most common trauma mechanism was a traffic accident (56.9%) followed by same-level falls (17.6%). No statistically significant difference was found between healing time comparing surgical fixation techniques, including open reduction and internal fixation, minimally invasive technique, intramedullary nailing, and external fixation. CONCLUSION: Although each technique has inherent advantages and disadvantages, all fixation methods proved to be adequate options for the surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures with high rates of healing and low rates of post-operative complications.

OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil dos pacientes com fraturas diafisárias do úmero, bem como analisar os resultados das diferentes modalidades cirúrgicas. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo baseado na identificação de todos os casos de fraturas diafisárias de úmero submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico entre dezembro de 2014 e junho de 2016 em um serviço de referência em trauma, bem como na análise dos respectivos prontuários, e que buscou dados epidemiológicos referentes ao trauma e resultados pós-operatórios, inclusive tempo de consolidação e complicações relacionadas. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 51 pacientes, dos quais a maioria do sexo masculino (78,4%), com média de 35,02 anos. O mecanismo de trauma mais prevalente foram acidentes de trânsito (56,9%), seguidos de quedas de mesmo nível (17,6%). Não foi encontrada diferença significante entre o tempo de consolidação dos diferentes métodos, inclusive redução aberta e fixação interna com placa e parafusos, técnica minimamente invasiva com placa em ponte, haste intramedular e fixação externa. CONCLUSÕES: Todos os métodos cirúrgicos avaliados mostraram-se adequadas opções para o tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas da diáfise do úmero, ainda que tenham vantagens e desvantagens inerentes a cada técnica, com altas taxas de consolidação e poucas complicações relatadas.

Evaluation of the surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures and comparison between surgical fixation methods / Avaliação das fraturas diafisárias do úmero tratadas cirurgicamente e comparação entre os métodos de fixação cirúrgica

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the surgical results of humeral shaft fracture treatment and describe its epidemiology. Methods: Retrospective study that identified all patients treated with surgical fixation of humeral shaft fractures between December of 2014 and June of 2016 in a trauma reference center. All medical records were reviewed in search of epidemiological data referent to the trauma and post-operative results, including radiographic healing of the fracture and related complications. Results: Fifty-one patients were included, mostly male (78.4%), with an average age of 35.02 years. The most common trauma mechanism was a traffic accident (56.9%) followed by same-level falls (17.6%). No statistically significant difference was found between healing time comparing surgical fixation techniques, including open reduction and internal fixation, minimally invasive technique, intramedullary nailing, and external fixation. Conclusion: Although each technique has inherent advantages and disadvantages, all fixation methods proved to be adequate options for the surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures with high rates of healing and low rates of post-operative complications.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o perfil dos pacientes com fraturas diafisárias do úmero, bem como analisar os resultados das diferentes modalidades cirúrgicas. Método: Estudo retrospectivo baseado na identificação de todos os casos de fraturas diafisárias de úmero submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico entre dezembro de 2014 e junho de 2016 em um serviço de referência em trauma, bem como na análise dos respectivos prontuários, e que buscou dados epidemiológicos referentes ao trauma e resultados pós-operatórios, inclusive tempo de consolidação e complicações relacionadas. Resultados: Foram incluídos 51 pacientes, dos quais a maioria do sexo masculino (78,4%), com média de 35,02 anos. O mecanismo de trauma mais prevalente foram acidentes de trânsito (56,9%), seguidos de quedas de mesmo nível (17,6%). Não foi encontrada diferença significante entre o tempo de consolidação dos diferentes métodos, inclusive redução aberta e fixação interna com placa e parafusos, técnica minimamente invasiva com placa em ponte, haste intramedular e fixação externa. Conclusões: Todos os métodos cirúrgicos avaliados mostraram-se adequadas opções para o tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas da diáfise do úmero, ainda que tenham vantagens e desvantagens inerentes a cada técnica, com altas taxas de consolidação e poucas complicações relatadas.